JEE Main Crash Course

Paper

Subject

Section

Total No. of Questions

Marks for Each Correct Answer

Negative Marking

Paper-1(B.E./B.Tech.)

Physics

Section-A (MCQ)

20

4

-1

Section-B (Numerical Answer Type)

5

4

Chemistry

Section-A (MCQ)

20

4

Section-B (Numerical Answer Type)

5

4

Mathematics

Section-A (MCQ)

20

4

Section-B (Numerical Answer Type)

5

4

Total Question

75

Chapter Name

SubTopics

Sets, Relations and Functions

·   Sets and their representation: Union, intersection

·   Complement of sets and their algebraic properties; Power set

·   Relation, Type of relations, equivalence relations

·   Functions: one-one, into and onto functions, the composition of functions

Complex Numbers

Quadratic Equations

·   Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals,

·   Representation of complex numbers in the form a + ib and their representation in a plane, Argand diagram

·   Algebra of complex number, modulus, and argument (or amplitude) of a complex number

·   Quadratic equations in real and complex number system and their solutions Relations between roots and coefficient

·   Nature of roots, the formation of quadratic equations with given roots

Matrices And Determinants

·   Matrices, Algebra of matrices, type of matrices

·   Determinants and matrices of order two and three, evaluation of determinants, area of triangles using determinants

·   Adjoint, and evaluation of inverse of a square matrix using determinants

·   Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables using matrices

Permutations and Combinations

·   The fundamental principle of counting

·   Permutation as an arrangement and combination as section

·   Meaning of P (n, r) and C (n, r), simple applications

Binomial Theorem and Its Simple Applications

·   Binomial theorem for a positive integral index

·   General term and middle term, and simple applications

Sequence and Series

·   Arithmetic and Geometric progressions

·   Insertion of arithmetic, geometric means between two given numbers

·   Relation between A.M and G.M

Limit

Continuity

Differentiability

·   Real–valued functions, algebra of functions, polynomials, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions; Inverse function.

·   Graphs of simple functions. Limits, continuity, and differentiability. Differentiation of the sum, difference, product, and quotient of two functions.

·   Differentiation of trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, composite, and implicit functions; derivatives of order up to two.

·   Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of quantities, monotonic-Increasing and decreasing functions, Maxima, and minima of functions of one variable.

Integral Calculus

·   Integral as an antiderivative, Fundamental integral involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions.

·   Integrations by substitution, by parts, and by partial functions. Integration using trigonometric identities.

·   Evaluation of simple integrals of the type

 ,    ,

·   The fundamental theorem of calculus, properties of definite integrals. Evaluation of definite integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple curves in standard form.

Differential Equations

·   Ordinary differential equations, their order, and degree

·   The solution of differential equation by the method of separation of variables

·   Solution of a homogeneous and linear differential equation of the type dydx+p(x)y=q(x)

Co-Ordinate Geometry

·   Cartesian system of rectangular coordinates in a plane, distance formula, sections formula, locus, and its equation, the slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, intercepts of a line on the coordinate axis.

·   Straight line - Various forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between two lines, conditions for concurrence of three lines, the distance of a point form a line, Coordinate of the centroid, orthocentre, and circumcentre of a triangle.

Circle, Conic Sections - A standard form of equations of a circle, the general form of the equation of a circle, its radius and central, equation of a circle when the endpoints of a diameter are given, Points of intersection of a line and a circle with the centre at the origin and sections of conics, equations of conic sections (parabola, ellipse, and hyperbola) in standard forms

Three Dimensional Geometry

Coordinates of a point in space, the distance between two points, section formula, Directions ratios, and direction cosines, and the angle between two intersecting lines. Equation of a line, Skew lines, the shortest distance between them, and its equation.

Vector Algebra

·   Vectors and scalars, the addition of vectors, components of a vector in two dimensions and three-dimensional space, Scalar, and vector products.

Statistics

Probability

·   Measures of dispersion; calculation of mean, median, mode of grouped and ungrouped data calculation of standard deviation, Variance, and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped data.

·   Probability: Probability of an event, addition, and multiplication theorems of probability, Baye's theorem, probability distribution of a random variable.

Trigonometry

·   Trigonometric identities and trigonometric functions

·   Inverse trigonometric functions, and their properties

Units/ Chapters

Deleted Topics

Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

·  Square root of a complex number, triangle inequality

Determinants and Matrices

·  Properties of determinants, elementary transformations

·  Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables using Determinants

Mathematical Induction

·  Principle of Mathematical Induction and its simple applications

Binomial Theorem and its Simple Applications

·  Properties of Binomial coefficients

Sequence and Series

·  Sum up to n terms of special series; S, S, S

·  Arithmetic-Geometric progression.

Limits, Continuity, and Differentiability

·  Rolle’s and Lagrange's Mean value Theorems

·  Tangents and normal

Integral Calculus

·  Integral as limit of a sum

Differential Equation

·  Formation of differential equations

Co-Ordinate Geometry

·  Translation of axes,

·  Straight Line: equations of internal and external by sectors of angles between two lines, equation of the family of lines passing through the point of intersection of two lines.

·  Circle, Conic section: condition for a line to be tangent to a circle, equation of the tangent, condition for Y = mx +c to be a tangent and point (s) of tangency.

3D Geometry

·  A plane in different forms, the intersection of a line and a plane, coplanar lines.

Vector Algebra

·  Scalar and vector triple product.

Probability and Statistics

·  Bernoulli trials, and binomial distribution.

Trigonometry

·  Trigonometric equations, heights, and distance.

Mathematical Reasoning

·  Statement logical operations and, or, implies, implied by, if and only if, understanding of tautology, contradiction, converse, and contrapositive.

Chapter Name

SubTopics

Physics and Measurements

·   Units of measurement; systems of units; SI units, fundamental and derived units, least count, errors in measurement, significant figures.

·   Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis, and its applications.

Kinematics

·   The frame of reference, motion in a straight line. Position- time graph,  speed and velocity, Uniform and non-uniform motion. average speed and instantaneous velocity.

·   Uniformly accelerated motion. velocity-time, position-time graph, relations for uniformly accelerated motion.

·   Scalars and Vectors, Vectors. Addition and subtraction, scalar and vector products. Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector. Relative Velocity.

·   Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion. Uniform Circular Motion.

Laws of Motion

·   Force and inertia, Newton's First law of motion, Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion, Impulses, Newton's Third Law of motion, Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications, Equilibrium of concurrent forces.

·   Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction.

·   Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications, vehicle on a level circular road, vehicle on a banked road.

Work, Energy and Power

·   Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work-energy theorem, power.

·   The potential energy of spring conservation of mechanical energy,  conservative and non-conservative forces; motion in a vertical circle: Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

Rotational Motion

·   Centre of the mass of a two-particle system, Centre of the mass of a rigid body: Basic concepts of rotational motion; moment of a force; torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications.

·   The moment of inertia, the radius of gyration, values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems. and their applications.

·   Equilibrium of rigid bodies. rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions.

Gravitation

·   The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler's law of planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential.

·   Escape velocity, Motion of a satellite, orbital velocity, time period and energy of satellite.

Properties of Solid and Liquids

·   Elastic behavior, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke's Law, Young's modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal's law and its applications. Effect of gravity on fluid pressure.

·   Viscosity, Stokes' law,  terminal velocity, streamline, and turbulent flow, Critical velocity, Bernoulli's principle and its applications.

·   Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of pressure across a curved surface, application of surface tension - drops, bubbles, and capillary rise.

·   Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer-conduction, convection, and radiation.

Thermodynamics

·   Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, the concept of temperature. Heat, work, and internal energy.

·   The first law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes.

·   The second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes.

Kinetic Theory of Gases

·   Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases - assumptions, the concept of pressure.

·   Kinetic interpretation of temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules: Degrees of freedom. Law of equipartition of energy and applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path. Avogadro's number.

Oscillation and Waves

·   Oscillations and periodic motion - time period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase: oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant: energy in S.H.M. - Kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum - derivation of expression for its time period

·   Wave motion, Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of traveling wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves. Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics- Beats.

Chapter Name

Topics

Electrostatics

·  Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb's law forces between two-point charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.

·  Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole. Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.

·  Electric flux' Gauss's law and its applications to find fields due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, and uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges; potential difference, Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.

·  Conductors and Insulators. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitances, the combination of capacitors in series and parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates. Energy stored in a capacitor.

Current Electricity

·  Electric current. Drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current. Ohm’s law. Electrical resistance. V-l characteristics of Ohmic and non-ohmic conductors.

·  Electrical energy and power' Electrical resistivity and conductivity. Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature dependence of resistance.

·  Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel. Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge. Metre Bridge.

Magnetic Effects Of Current and Magnetism

·  Biot - Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.

·  Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. The force between two parallel currents carrying conductors-definition of ampere.

·  Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field: Moving coil galvanometer, its sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.

·  Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid. magnetic field lines; Magnetic field due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) among its axis and perpendicular to its axis.

·  Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field. Paramagnetic, diamagnetic and ferromagnetic substances with examples, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.

Electromagnetic Induction and Altering Currents

·  Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's law. Induced emf and current: Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance.

·  Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage: reactance and impedance: LCR series circuit, resonance: power in AC circuits, Wattless current. AC generator and transformer.

Electromagnetic Waves

·  Displacement current, Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet. X-rays. Gamma rays), Applications of EM waves.

Optics

·  Reflection of light, spherical minors, mirror formula. Refraction of right at plane and spherical surfaces, thin lens formula and lens maker formula. Total internal reflection and its applications.

·  Magnification, Power of a Lens. Combination of thin lenses in contact. Refraction of light through a prism. Microscope and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.

·  Wave optics: wave front and Huygens' principle. Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle. Interference, Young's double-slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources, and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Polarization, plane-polarized light: Brewster's law, uses of plane-polarized light and Polaroid.

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

·  Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect. Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation: particle nature of light.

·  Matter waves - wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation.

Atoms and Nuclei

·  Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses

·  Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission, and fusion.

Electronic Devices

·  Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED. the photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator.

·  Logic gates (OR. AND. NOT. NAND and NOR).

Experimental Skills

Familiarity with the basic approach and observations of the experiments and activities:

·  Vernier calipers - its use to measure the internal and external diameter and depth of a vessel.

·  Screw gauge-its use to determine thickness V diameter of thin sheet/wire.

·  Simple pendulum-dissipation of energy by plotting a graph between the square of amplitude and time.

·  Metre Scale - the mass of a given object by the principle of moments.

·  Young's modulus of elasticity of the material of a metallic wire.

·  Surface tension of water by capillary rise and effect of detergents.

·  Coefficient of Viscosity of a given viscous liquid by measuring terminal velocity of a given spherical body.

·  Speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube.

·  Specific heat capacity of a given (i) solid and (ii) liquid by method of mixtures.

·  The resistivity of the material of a given wire using a meter bridge.

·  The resistance of a given wire using Ohm's law.

·  Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half deflection method.

·  The focal length of;

1.   Convex mirror

2.   Concave mirror, and

3.   Convex lens, using the parallax method.

·  The plot of the angle of deviation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism.

·  Refractive index of a glass slab using a traveling microscope.

·  Characteristic curves of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.

·  Characteristic curves of a Zener diode and finding reverse breakdown voltage.

·  Identification of Diode. LED, Resistor. A capacitor from a mixed collection of such item

Chapter Name

Topics Deleted from JEE Mains 2024 Physics Syllabus

Deleted Topics of Physics Class 11^th

Physics and Measurement

·    Physics, technology, and society

·    Accuracy and Precision of measuring instruments

Kinematics

·    Zero vector

Gravitation

·    Orbital velocity of a satellite

·    Geostationary satellites

Properties of Solids and Liquid

·    Reynolds number

·    Newton's law of cooling

Thermodynamics

·    Carnot engine and its efficiency

Kinetic Theory of Gases

·    Kinetic energy and temperature

Oscillations and Wave

·    Free, forced and damped oscillations

·    Resonance

·    Doppler Effect in sound

Deleted Topics of Physics Class 12th

Current Electricity

·    Resistances of different materials

·    Color code for resistors

·    Electric Cell and its Potentiometer - principle and its applications

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

·    Cyclotron, magnetic elements]

·    Magnetic susceptibility and permeability, Hysteresis

·    Electromagnets and permanent magnets

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

·    Quality factor

Optics

·    Deviation and Dispersion of light by a prism

·    Lens Formula

·    Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

·    Davisson-Germer experiment

Atoms and Nuclei

·    Isotopes, isobars: isotones

·    Radioactivity- alpha. beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties

·    Radioactive decay law

Electronic Device

·    Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor

·    Transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator

·    Transistor as a switch.

Communication Systems

·    Entire Chapter is deleted

Experimental Skill

·    Plotting a cooling curve for the relationship between the temperature of a hot body and time.

·    Potentiometer

1.  Comparison of emf of two primary cells.

2.  Determination of internal resistance of a cell.

·    Transistor, IC.

·    Characteristic curves of a transistor and finding current gain and voltage gain.

·    Using a multimeter to:

1.  Identify the base of a transistor

2.  Distinguish between NPN and PNP type transistors

3.  See the unidirectional current in case of a diode and an LED.

4.  Check the correctness or otherwise of a given electronic component (diode, transistor, or IC).

Physical Chemistry

Chapter Name

SubTopics

Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry

• Matter and its Nature

• Dalton’s atomic theory., Concept of atom, molecule, element and compound.

• Laws of chemical combination, Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae

• Chemical equations and stoichiometry.

Atomic Structure

• Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect, spectrum of the hydrogen atom, Bohr model of a hydrogen atom - its postulates, derivation of the relations for the energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr's model.

• Dual nature of matter, de Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, the quantum mechanical model of the atom and its important features.

• Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions, variation of  with r for 1s and 2s orbitals, various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance, shapes of s, p and d - orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number.

• Rules for filling electrons in orbitals – Aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of elements and extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

• Kossel-Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, the concept of ionic and covalent bonds.

• Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy

• Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity, Fajan’s rule, dipole moment, Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR ) theory and shapes of simple molecules.

• Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory - its important features, the concept of hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals, resonance

• Molecular Orbital Theory - Its important features, LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, the concept of bond order, bond length and bond energy.

• Elementary idea of metallic bonding, hydrogen bonding and its applications.

Chemical Thermodynamics

• Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, entropy, types of processes.

• The first law of thermodynamics - Concept of work, heat, internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionization and solution.

• The second law of thermodynamics - Spontaneity of processes, ΔS of the universe and ΔGof the system as criteria for spontaneity. ΔG° (Standard Gibbs energy change) and equilibrium constant.

Solutions

• Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution - molality, molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult's Law- Ideal and nonideal solutions.

• Vapour pressure - composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions, Colligative properties of dilute solutions - a relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, the elevation of boiling point and osmotic pressure.

• Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties, abnormal value of molar mass, van’t Hoff factor and its significance.

Equilibrium

• Meaning of equilibrium is the concept of dynamic equilibrium.

• Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid-gas, gas-gas and solid-gas equilibria, Henry's law. General characteristics of equilibrium involving physical processes.

• Equilibrium involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (KpandKc) and their significance, the significance of ΔG and ΔG° in chemical equilibrium, factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, the effect of catalyst, Le Chatelier’s principle.

• Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Bronsted - Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization, acid-base equilibria (including multistage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water, pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions, the solubility of sparingly soluble salts, solubility products and buffer solutions.

Redox Reaction and ElectroChemistry

• Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number and balancing of redox reactions.

• Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, molar conductivities and their variation with concentration, Kohlrausch’s law and its applications.

• Electrochemical cells - Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half-cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement, Nernst equation and its applications, relationship between cell potential and Gibbs' energy change, dry cell and lead accumulator, fuel cells

Chemical Kinetics

• Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure and catalyst, elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions.

• Rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first-order reactions, their characteristics and half-lives, the effect of temperature on the rate of reactions, Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bi-molecular gaseous reactions (no derivation).

Inorganic Chemistry

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

(Periodic Table)

• Modern periodic law and present form of the periodic table, s, p. d and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elements atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states and chemical reactivity.

p-block Elements

• Group 13 to Group 18 Elements

• General Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups, unique behaviour of the first element in each group.

d- and f- Block Elements

Transition Elements

• Transition Elements - General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first-row transition elements - physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation, properties and uses of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.

Inner Transition Elements

• Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and Lanthanoid contraction

• Actinoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states.

Coordination Compounds

• Introduction to coordination compounds. Werner's theory, ligands, coordination number, denticity, chelation, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear co-ordination compounds, isomerism.

• Bonding: Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic properties, importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and in biological systems).

Organic Chemistry

Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

·                Purification - Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction and chromatography principles and their applications.

·                Qualitative analysis - Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens.

·                Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) - Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur and phosphorus.

·                Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae, numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis.

Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

·                Tetravalency of carbon, shapes of simple molecules - hybridization (s and p): classification of organic compounds based on functional groups and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur, homologous series: Isomerism - structural and stereoisomerism.

·                Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC): Covalent bond fission - Homolytic and heterolytic, free radicals, carbocations and carbanions, stability of carbocations and free radicals, electrophiles and nucleophiles.

·                Electronic displacement in a covalent bond - Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyperconjugation.

·                Common types of organic reactions - - Substitution, addition, elimination and rearrangement.

Hydrocarbons

·                Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties and reactions.

·                Alkanes—- Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane), mechanism of halogenation of alkanes.

·                Alkenes - Geometrical isomerism, mechanism of electrophilic addition, addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoffs and peroxide effect), Ozonolysis and polymerization.

·                Alkynes - Acidic character, addition of hydrogen, halogens, water and hydrogen halides, polymerization.

·                Aromatic hydrocarbons - Nomenclature, benzene - structure and aromaticity, mechanism of electrophilic substitution, halogenation, nitration.

·                Friedel-Craft's alkylation and acylation, directive influence of the functional group in mono- substituted benzene.

Organic Compounds Containing Halogens

·                General methods of preparation, properties and reactions, nature of C-X bond, mechanisms of substitution reactions.

·                Uses, environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform, freons and DDT

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

·                General methods of preparation, properties, reactions and uses.

·                Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration.

·                Phenols - Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions, halogenation, nitration and sulphonation, Reimer - Tiemann reaction.

·                Ethers: Structure.

·                Aldehyde and Ketones - Nature of carbonyl group, nucleophilic addition to >C=Ogroup, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones, important reactions such as - Nucleophilic addition reactions(addition of HCN, NH3 and its derivatives), Grignard reagent, oxidation, reduction (Wolf Kishner and Clemmensen), the acidity of  -hydrogen. Aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, Haloformreaction, chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones.

·                Carboxylic Acids - Acidic strength and factors affecting it.

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

·                General methods of preparation. Properties, reactions, and uses.

·                Amines: Nomenclature, classification structure, basic character, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines and their basic character.

·                Diazonium Salts: Importance in Synthetic Organic Chemistry.

Biomolecules

·                General introduction and importance of biomolecules.

·                CARBOHYDRATES - Classification, aldoses and ketoses, monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose and maltose).

·                PROTEINS - Elementary idea of  -amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes.

·                VITAMINS - Classification and functions

·                NUCLEIC ACIDS - Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA, Biological functions of nucleic acids

·                Hormones (General Introduction)

Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

(Practical Organic Chemistry)

·                Detection of extra elements (Nitrogen, sulphur, halogens) in organic compounds, detection of the following functional groups, hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketones) carboxyl and amino groups in organic compounds.

The chemistry involved in the preparation of the following:

1.                   Inorganic compounds, Mohr’s salt, potash alum.

2.                   Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitro acetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform.

·                The chemistry involved in the titrimetric exercises – acids, bases and the use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs KMnO4, Mohr’s salt vs KMnO4.

·                Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysis:

1.                   Cations – Pb 2+, Cu 2+, Al3+ , Fe 3+ , Zn 2+ , Ni2+ , Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , Mg 2+ , NH4+

2.                   Anions- CO3 2− , S 2-, SO4 2− , NO3 -, NO2 -, Cl -, Br -, I - ( Insoluble salts excluded).

·                Chemical principles involved in the following experiments:

1.                   Enthalpy of solution of CuSO4

2.                   Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base

3.                   Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols

4.                   Kinetic study of the reaction of iodide ions with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature.

Deleted Topics From JEE Main Chemistry Syllabus by NTA

Chapter Name

Topics

Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry

• Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry

• Precision and accuracy

• Significant figures

• S.I.Units, dimensional analysis

States of Matter

• Classification of matter into solid, liquid, and gaseous states

• Gaseous State: Measurable properties of gases: Gas laws – Boyle’s law, Charle’s law

• Graham’s law of diffusion

• Avogadro’s law

• Dalton’s law of partial pressure

• Concept of Absolute scale of temperature

• Ideal gas equation; Kinetic theory of gases (only postulates)

• Concept of average, root mean square and most probable velocities

• Real gases, deviation from Ideal behaviour, compressibility factor, and van der Waals equation.

• Liquid State: Properties of liquids – vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension, and effect of temperature on them (qualitative treatment only).

• Solid State: Classification of solids: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea)

• Bragg’s Law and its applications: Unit cell and lattices.

• packing in solids (fcc, bcc and hcp lattices), voids, calculations involving unit cell parameters, an imperfection in solids.

• Electrical and magnetic properties.

Atomic Structure

• Thomson and Rutherford atomic models and their limitations

Surface Chemistry

• Adsorption- Physisorption and chemisorption and their characteristics, factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids

• Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms, adsorption from solutions.

• Catalysis – Homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity of solid catalysts, enzyme catalysis, and its mechanism.

• Colloidal state- distinction among true solutions, colloids, and suspensions,

• classification of colloids – lyophilic. lyophobic; multi-molecular. macromolecular and associated colloids (micelles)

• Preparation and properties of colloids – Tyndall effect

• Brownian movement, electrophoresis, dialysis, coagulation, and flocculation:

• Emulsions and their characteristics.

General Principles And Processes of Isolation of Metals

(metallurgy)

• Modes of occurrence of elements in nature, minerals, ores

• Steps involved in the extraction of metals – concentration, reduction (chemical and electrolytic methods), and refining with special reference to the extraction of Al.

• Cu, Zn, and Fe; Thermodynamic and electrochemical principles involved in the extraction of metals.

Hydrogen

• Position of hydrogen in periodic table,

• Isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen

• Physical and chemical properties of water and heavy water

• Structure, preparation, reactions, and uses of hydrogen peroxide

• Classification of hydrides – ionic, covalent, and interstitial. Hydrogen as a fuel.

S - Block Elements

• General introduction

P - Block Elements

• Electronic configuration, and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements.

• Anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationships. Preparation and properties of some important compounds – sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate;

• Industrial uses of lime, limestone. Plaster of Paris and cement: Biological significance of Na, K. Mg, and Ca.

• Groupwise study of the p – block elements Group -13: Preparation, properties, and uses of boron and aluminum

• Structure, properties, and uses of borax, boric acid, diborane, boron trifluoride, aluminum chloride, and alums.

• Group -14, The tendency for catenation; Structure, properties, and uses of Allotropes and oxides of carbon, silicon tetrachloride, silicates, zeolites, and silicones.

• Group -15, Properties and uses of nitrogen and phosphorus; Allotropic forms of phosphorus; Preparation, properties, structure, and uses of ammonia, nitric acid, phosphine, and phosphorus halides.

• Group -16: Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of ozone: Allotropic forms of sulfur; Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of sulphuric acid

• Group-17: Preparation, properties, and uses of hydrochloric acid; Trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds and oxides and oxoacids of halogens.

• Group-18: Occurrence and uses of noble gases; Structures of fluorides and oxides of xenon.

Environmental Chemistry

• Environmental pollution – Atmospheric, water, and soil.

• Atmospheric pollution – Tropospheric and Stratospheric Tropospheric pollutants – Gaseous pollutants: Oxides of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur

• Hydrocarbons their sources, harmful effects, and prevention; Greenhouse effect and Global warming

• Acid rain; Particulate pollutants: Smoke, dust, smog, fumes, mist; their sources, harmful effects, and prevention.

• Stratospheric pollution- Formation and breakdown of ozone, depletion of the ozone layer – its mechanism and effects.

• Water Pollution – Major pollutants such as. pathogens, organic wastes, and chemical pollutants; their harmful effects and prevention.

• Soil pollution – Major pollutants such as; Pesticides (insecticides. herbicides and fungicides), their harmful effects, and prevention.

• Strategies to control environmental pollution

Polymers

• General introduction and classification of polymers

• General methods of polymerization, – Addition and condensation.

• Copolymerization. Natural and synthetic, rubber and vulcanization,

• Some important polymers with emphasis on their monomers and uses – polythene, nylon, polyester, and bakelite

Chemistry In Everyday Life

• Chemicals in Medicines – Analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, anti-fertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, Anti-histamines.

• Chemicals in food – Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents – common examples.

• Cleansing Agents – Soaps and detergents, cleansing action

Section

Topics

Aptitude: Part-I

• Awareness of Places, Materials, Objects, Persons, and Places. • Visualising different sides of three-dimensional Objects. • Visualising 3D objects from 2D drawings. • Analytical Reasoning Mental Ability (Verbal, Numerical, and Visual).

Aptitude: Part-II

• 3D - perception: Understanding and appreciation of scale and proportion of building elements. forms, Objects. harmony, texture, colour. and contrast

• Drawing and designing abstract and geometrical shapes and patterns in pencil • Transformation of forms in both 20 and 3D union, development of volumes & surfaces, subtraction, rotation, elevations, and Generation of plans. and 3D views of objects. • Creating 3D & 2D Compositions using given forms and shapes. • Sketching of scenes and activities from memory of urban landscape (public space, market, festivals, street scenes, monuments, recreational spaces, etc.). landscape (river fronts, jungles, trees, plants, etc.), and rural life.

units

Topics

Unit-1 (General Awareness)

General knowledge questions and knowledge about prominent cities, development issues, government programs, etc.

Unit-2 (Social Science)

The idea of Nationalism, nationalism in India, the pre-modern world, 19th-century global economy, colonialism, and colonial cities, industrialization, resources, and development, types of resources, agriculture, water, mineral resources, industries, national economy; Human Settlements. Power-sharing, federalism, democracy, political parties, The constitution of India. Economic development- economic sectors/ globalization, the concept of development, poverty; Population structure, social exclusion, and inequality, urbanization, rural development, colonial cities.

Unit-3 (Thinking Skills)

Comprehension (unseen passage); map reading skills, scale, distance, direction, area, etc. Critical Reasoning; Understanding of charts, graphs, and tables; Basic concepts of Statistics & Quantitative Reasoning.